2011) demonstrated that violent media content does have a desensitizing effect and is correlated with aggressive thoughts. There is ongoing debate over the extent and impact of media socialization. How many of your older relatives can recall watching the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger on television? How many of those reading this textbook followed the events of 9/11 or Hurricane Katrina on television or the Internet? Media also provide us with cultural touchstones during events of national significance. All forms of media teach us what is good and desirable, how we should speak, how we should behave, and how we should react to events. In fact, we are socialized and resocialized by media throughout our lives. Social Norm FunctionsĮven while the media is selling us goods and entertaining us, it also serves to socialize us, helping us pass along norms, values, and beliefs to the next generation. From online gaming to chatting with friends on Facebook, technology offers new and more exciting ways for people to entertain themselves. On the technology side, as well, there is a clear entertainment factor to the use of new innovations. homes with televisions, the reach of television is still vast and the amount of time spent watching is substantial. While 2012 Nielsen research shows a slight reduction of U.S. And the numbers certainly illustrate that. Most people, when asked why they watch television or go to the movies, would answer that they enjoy it. Entertainment FunctionĪn obvious manifest function of media is its entertainment value. It’s worth noting, however, that this program’s implementation varied from state to state, and that in 2018 the USDA weakened enforcement of the act. In fact, as part of the United States Department of Agriculture’s Healthy, Hunger Free Kids Act (2010) and Michelle Obama’s Let’s Move! Initiative, a ban on junk food in schools began in July 2014. With rising concerns about childhood obesity and attendant diseases, the era of soda machines in schools may be numbered. Major corporations such as Coca-Cola bring their advertising into public schools by sponsoring sports fields or tournaments, as well as by filling the halls and cafeterias of those schools with vending machines hawking their goods. Commercial advertising precedes movies in theaters and shows up on and inside public transportation, as well as on the sides of building and alongside roadways. or a cooking show on Telemundo, chances are advertisers have a plan to reach you.Īnd it certainly doesn’t stop with television. Whether you are watching cartoons on Nick Jr. Sponsors can use the sophisticated data gathered by network and cable television companies regarding their viewers and target their advertising accordingly. Television advertising is a highly functional way to meet a market demographic where it lives. household possessing a television, and the 250 billion hours of television watched annually by people in the United States, companies that wish to connect with consumers find television an irresistible platform to promote their goods and services (Nielsen 2012). (Photo courtesy of Dennis Yang/flickr)Īs you might guess, with nearly every U.S. For some, the ads during the Super Bowl are more water cooler-worthy than the game itself. Commercial Function Figure 1. TV commercials can carry significant cultural currency. Your list might include the ability to find information on the Internet, television’s entertainment value, or how advertising and product placement contribute to social norms. Functionalism and Technologyīecause functionalism focuses on how media and technology contribute to the smooth functioning of society, a good place to begin understanding this perspective is to write a list of functions you perceive media and technology to perform. The culture of education-including material culture such as classrooms, textbooks, libraries, dormitories-supports the emphasis placed on the value of educating a society’s members. Education is an important concept in the United States because it is valued. Just as members of a society work together to fulfill a society’s needs, culture exists to meet its members’ basic needs.įunctionalists also study culture in terms of values. Cultural norms function to support the fluid operation and continued stability of society, and cultural values guide people in making choices. In this way, societies need culture to exist. Discuss how structural-functional theory views culture and technologyįunctionalists view society as a system in which all parts work-or function-together to create society as a whole.
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